What perennial flowers to plant in the garden?
Perennial flowers are willingly placed in gardens next to annuals or biennials. Many of them lose their leaves and stems in the fall, only to be reborn from underground parts in the spring. Perennials can grow in one place for up to 15 years.
Perennial garden flowers
Perennial garden flowers are a very diverse group of plants. They are characterized by a huge wealth of shapes and colors, they are diverse in terms of flowering time and height. They do not require too much time from the gardener, and they do not have excessive demands on the soil. They are cold hardy and extremely resistant to all kinds of diseases. Perennial perennials are also a very rare target for pests. In one place, they can live for several years, even 15, which is a kind of solution for lazy gardeners.
Perennials bloom basically throughout the warm season. They start flowering very early in spring and end in late autumn, when you can see the first snowflakes falling from the sky. If we think about it carefully, we can plan our own garden in such a way that it is colorful almost all year round and that we can enjoy its unrestrained charm.
The market is full of many different species of perennial plants. The variety is so great that the only problem may be our choice. It all depends on our species, color or aesthetic preferences. You should certainly ask yourself whether we prefer a mixed garden, mixed beds, or whether we like uniform beds planted with only one species of perennial flowers. A border planted with a mixture can be beautiful, but subtle compositions of plants with flowers in a uniform color and uniform tone are no less charming. Very effective may be mild pastel compositions with a predominance of white, or a combination of two or three complementary or strongly contrasting colors. It is important to consider all possibilities when planting. If our bed is available only from one side, it is important that plants that do not impress with their height are planted in the front, while taller and tallest plants gradually appear behind them. If we have space for flowers that we can see from all sides, then the tallest plants should be planted in the center, and the lower ones on the outside.
Perennials - planting, fertilization and care
Deciding on perennial plants, we certainly want them to look beautiful and decorate our garden every summer. Therefore, we should make rational decisions. First we need to determine what possibilities our soil has, and then we should choose flowers that have a real chance of surviving in it. Most perennials feel best in sunny and sufficiently moist places. However, there are also flowers on the market that tolerate shade and scorching sun well, and love sandy, parched, dry soil.
Perennial flowers grown in pots can be planted practically throughout the season. However, if we are going to plant them in the ground, the best time to do this is spring or autumn. Then there is a very small probability that after planting we will get hot weather and the plant will wither. Before planting, we must prepare the ground. For this purpose, we dig a place intended for perennials, carefully get rid of weeds and other impurities, and then add organic or artificial multi-component fertilizer. At the end, you need to rake the bed and leave it alone for three weeks to settle down. During this time, we should regularly visit this place to get rid of tiny, sprouting weeds on an ongoing basis.
Every year, the bed with perennials should be fed with fertilizer. There are two ways to do this, which differ in execution time. The first way is to use compost, with which we can fertilize the soil at any time, because this type of fertilizer will not harm the plants and will not threaten overfertilization. The second way is to use a multi-component mineral fertilizer, but in this case we have to use it in the period from spring to mid-summer.
The flowering of perennials is a period that we can extend. The way to do this is to systematically remove faded flowers. In addition, keep an eye on the plants for the first signs of pest infestation. If so, immediate intervention is needed that can save the plant. There are various preparations on sale that support the fight against the most popular pests, e.g.: aphids, spider mites and whiteflies.
Propagation of perennial plants is a very simple task. Many of them can be propagated by sowing seeds, but a much more advantageous way is to divide overgrown clumps, separate young plants from mother plants and divide rhizomes or root stumps. When thinking about propagation of perennial plants, we must bear in mind that the division is carried out either in spring in the case of late-blooming plants, or in early autumn in the case of earlier flowering plants, i.e. after they have already bloomed.
Perennial flowers in spring
Pasque flower and primrose are the harbingers of the approaching spring. It blooms already in March. It is mainly associated as a wild flower in mountainous areas and forests, but there is also a perennial garden variety that prefers sunny positions with light, sandy soil that quickly absorbs heat.
Dąbrówka is an ideal perennial for rockeries, borders of flowerbeds or ponds. They are not high, they reach a maximum of 20 cm in height, but they look amazing. The most common variety in Polish gardens is the creeping bugle. These flowers can have blue, purple, sometimes white and sometimes pink flowers.
Lily of the valley is a perennial that intensively reproduces itself. It tolerates shady places well, so it can be planted under trees. It is important that the soil is not too dry, because we will not enjoy the delicate bluebells with an intense and extremely pleasant smell.
Primrose is another perennial flower that can find its place in the garden. It is suitable for planting flowerbeds as well as their borders and rockeries. There are about 500 species of primroses. Some of them prefer waterlogged soil, hence the possibility of planting them in ponds. Primrose is frost hardy, does well in sun and light shade. Even poor and dry soil does not bother him.
Hepatica is a small perennial that blooms around March. It has blue flowers, rarely pink or white. It is most often found in native gardens. It is characterized by evergreen, triangular leaves that form a beautiful rosette. Hepatica is a fantastic flower that is suitable for planting around trees or near shrubs. Likes humus and calcareous soil, as well as partially shaded places.
Ranunculus is the last perennial flower that pleases the eye in early spring. It occurs naturally all over the globe, with as many as 400 species known. In the gardens, you can safely plant bulbous, grass, alpine or Asian buttercups.
Perennial flowers blooming in summer
Carnation is a plant very often chosen by gardeners to create beautiful flowerbeds and rockeries. It has low soil requirements and wonderful flowers. It blooms in summer, from June to August. It has an interesting structure of flowers - jagged petals turn pink and purple. It looks great in naturalistic gardens and meadow compositions.
Daylilies are intriguing perennials because they are perennials, but the lifespan of a single flower is one day. Daylilies produce many flowers, so you can enjoy them a little longer. This type of perennial has a large range of colors to choose from - white, pink, brown, red, yellow, purple or orange. Daylilies reach a height of 30 to 100 cm, making them a great choice when creating multi-level beds.
Echinacea is a North American perennial. It reaches a meter in height and has perennial flowers with pink or white petals and a spiky, convex center. It blooms from June to October and is frost resistant. It often self-seeds, but can also be divided by hand. It has many valuable healing properties.
Campanula is a very easy flower to grow, just needing a lot of sun. It does not require too much from the soil, as long as it is permeable with a neutral or alkaline reaction.
Phlox has bright flowers with shoots reaching up to 100 cm in height. In addition, it has characteristic flat or round leaves. There are as many as 80 species of this flower, which differ in soil requirements. The most common species is paniculate phlox, which blooms from July to September and likes sunny positions and fertile, moist soil.
Perennial flowers in autumn
Asters, called marcinki, are a perfect idea for beginner gardeners. They are not complicated to grow, regular watering is enough. They have many color versions, e.g.: white, red, pink, purple, etc.
Dahlia is a very diverse perennial in terms of form and color, which reaches up to 150 cm in height. The flowers have fancy colors and shapes.
Chrysanthemum has impressive flowers collected in baskets in various colors (white, yellow, red, pink). Requires a sunny place and humus soil. They can also be grown in pots.
Sedum splendid needs a sandy-clay soil with moderate moisture. Likes sunny places, ideal for rockeries. It blooms at the turn of summer and autumn, reaches 30 to 50 cm in height and is very frost-resistant.
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